daśāvatāra

The Ten Avatars of Vishnu

Each age, the preserver descends in a new form to restore dharma, from the fish of the great flood to the rider who closes the Kali Yuga.

paritrāṇāya sādhūnāṃ vināśāya ca duṣkṛtām dharmasaṃsthāpanārthāya sambhavāmi yuge yuge

"To protect the good, to end evil and to establish dharma, I take birth in every age." Bhagavad Gita 4.8 · Krishna to Arjuna

01 matsya

Matsya

The fish who carried Manu and the Vedas through the great flood.

02 kūrma

Kurma

The tortoise who bore Mount Mandara as the ocean of milk was churned.

03 varāha

Varaha

The boar who raised Bhudevi, the Earth, from the cosmic waters.

04 narasiṃha

Narasimha

The man-lion who emerged from a pillar at dusk to protect Prahlada.

05 vāmana

Vamana

The dwarf Brahmin who measured all three worlds in three strides.

06 paraśurāma

Parashurama

The sage-warrior who wields the axe given to him by Shiva.

07 rāma

Rama

The prince of Ayodhya, the ideal of righteous kingship.

08 kṛṣṇa

Krishna

The cowherd of Vrindavan who spoke the Bhagavad Gita.

09 buddha

Buddha

The awakened one, seated in stillness beneath the Bodhi tree.

10 kalki

Kalki

The rider on the white horse who will close the Kali Yuga.

Some traditions, especially in South India, honour Balarama as the ninth avatar in place of the Buddha. Both lists are revered.